Tesisat Dergisi 292. Sayı (Nisan 2020)

60 Tesisat / Nisan 2020 tesisat.com.tr DOSYA / Corona Virüs - Covid 19 nın serbest kalmasını en aza indirmek için tuvaletlerin kapak- larının kapatıldıktan sonra yıkanması önerilmektedir. Bu, deveboynunda su tıkacının her zaman çalışması önemlidir. Bu nedenle, bina sakinlerine kapakları kullanma talimatının verilmesi için gerekli planlamanın yapılması önemlidir. KAYNAKÇA Bu belge kısmen bir literatür araştırmasına dayanmaktadır, kullanılan bilimsel belgeler ve diğer belgeler aşağıdaki linkte de bulunabilir: https://www.rehva.eu/fileadmin/user_upload/REHVA_COVID- 19_guidance_document_Bibliography.pdf • Barker J & Jones MV, 2005. The potential spread of infection caused by aerosol contamination of surfaces after flushing a domestic toilet. Journal of Applied Microbiology 99(2): 339–347. • Best EL, Sandoe JAT, Wilcox MH, 2012. Potential for aerosolization of Clostridium difficile after flushing toilets: the role of toilet lids in reducing environmental contamination risk. The Journal of hospital infection 80(1):1-5. • Bronswijk van JEMH, Pauli G, 1996. An update on long-lasting mite avoidance : dwelling construction humidity management cleaning. GuT, Aachen. • Brown A, St-Onge Ahmad S, BeckCR, Nguyen-Van-Tam JS, 2016. The roles of transportation and transportation hubs in the propagation of influenza and coronaviruses: a systematic review. Journal of Travel Medicine 23(1): 1-7. • Casanova LM, Jeon S, Rutala WA, Weber DJ, Sobsey MD, 2010. Effects of Air Temperature and Relative Humidity on Coronavirus Survival on Surfaces. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 76(9): 2712–2717 • CNN, 2020. How can the coronavirus spread through bathroom pipes? Experts are investigating in Hong Kong. Door Helen Regan, gepubliceerd op 12 februari 2020. • Doremalen N, Bushmaker T, Morris D, Holbrook M, Gamble A, Williamson B, Tamin A, Harcourt J, Thornburg N, Gerber S, Lloyd-Smith J, de Wit E, Munster V, 2020 Aerosol and surface stability of HCoV-19 (SARS-CoV-6 2) compared to SARS-CoV-1. medRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.110 1/2020.03.09.20033217 • Doremalen van N, Bushmaker T, Munster VJ, 2013. Stability of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) under different environmental conditions. European communicable disease bulletin 18(38): 1-4. • Escombe AR, Oeser CC, Gilman RH, Navincopa M, Ticona E, Pan W, Martınez C, Chacaltana J, Rodrıguez R, Moore DAJ, Friedland JS, Carlton A, Evans CA, 2007. Natural Ventilation for the Prevention of Airborne Contagion. Plos Medicine 4(2): 309-317. • Fisk WJ, Faulkner D, Palonen J, Seppanen O, 2002. Performance and costs of particle air filtration technologies. Indoor Air 12(4): 223-234. • Guan W-J, Ni Z-Y, Hu Y, Liang W-H, Ou C-Q, He J-X, Liu L, Shan H, Lei C-L, Hui DSC, Du B, Li L-J, Zeng G, Yuen K-Y, Chen R-C, Tang C-L, Wang T, Chen P-Y, Xiang J, Li S-Y, Wang J-L, Liang L-J, Peng Y-X, Wei L, Liu Y, Hu Y-H, 2020. Clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in China. Nog niet peer reviewed. • Han H, Kim M-K, 2005. An Experimental Study on Air Leakage and Heat Transfer Characteristics of a Rotary-type Heat Recovery Ventilator. International Journal of AirConditioning and Refrigeration 13(2): 83-88. • Hung LS, 2003. The SARS epidemic in Hong Kong: what lessons have we learned? Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 96(8): 374-378. • Ijaz MK, Brunner AH, Sattar SA, Nair RC, Johnson-Lussenburg CM, 1985. Survival Characteristics of Airborne Human Coronavirus 229E. Journal of General Virology 66(12): 2743-2748. • Johnson DL, Mead KR, Lynch RA, Hirst DVL, 2013. Lifting the lid on toilet plume aerosol: A literature review with suggestions for future research. American Journal of Infection Control 41(3): 254–258. • Kampf G, Todt D, Pfaender S, Steinmann E, 2020. Persistence of coronaviruses on inanimate surfaces and their inactivation with biocidal agents. Journal of Hospital Infection 104(3): 246–251. • Knowlton SD, Boles CL, Perencevich EN, Diekema DJ, Nonnenmann MW, 2018. Bioaerosol concentrations generated from toilet flushing in a hospital-based patient care setting. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control 7(16): 1-8. • Kudo E, Song E, Yockey LJ, Rakib T, Wong PW, Homer RJ, Iwasaki A, 2019. Low ambient humidity impairs barrier function and innate resistance against influenza infection. PNAS: 1-6 • Leitmeyer K & Adlhoch C, 2016. Influenza Transmission on Aircraft - A Systematic Literature Review Epidemiology 27(5): 743-751. • Li Y, Huang X, Yu ITS, Wong TW, Qian H, 2005a. Role of air distribution in SARS transmission during the largest nosocomial outbreak in Hong Kong. Indoor Air 15(2): 83-95. • Li Y, Duan S, Yu ITS, Wong TW, 2005b. Multi-zone modeling of probable SARS virus transmission by airflow between flats in Block E, Amoy Gardens. Indoor Air 15(2): 96-111. • Li Y, Leung GM, Tang JM, Yang X, Chao CYH, Lin JZ, Lu JW, Nielsen PV, Niu J, Qian H, Sleigh AC, Su H-JJ, Sundell J, Wong TW, Yuen PL, 2007. Role of ventilation in airborne transmission of infectious agents in the built environment – a multidisciplinary systematic review. Indoor Air 17(1): 2-18. • Luo W, 2020. The role of absolute humidity on transmission rates of the COVID-19 outbreak. Nog niet peer reviewed. • Luongo JC, Fennelly KP, Keen JA, Zhai ZJ, Jones BW, Miller SL, 2016. Role of mechanical ventilation in the airborne transmission of infectious agents in buildings. Indoor Air 25(6): 666-678. • Mangili A, Gendreau MA, 2005. Transmission of infectious diseases during commercial air travel. The Lancet 365(March 12): 989-996. • Memarzadeh F, 2012. Literature Review of the Effect of Temperature and Humidity on Viruses. ASHRAE Transactions 118(1): 1049-1060. • Monto AS, 1974. Medical reviews. Coronaviruses. The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 47(4): 234–251. • Morawska L, 2006. Droplet fate in indoor environments, or can we prevent the spread of infection? Indoor Air 16(2): 335-347. • Mui KW, Wong LT, Wu C, Lai ACK, 2009. Numerical modeling of exhaled droplet nuclei dispersion and mixing in indoor environments. Journal of Hazardous Materials 167(1-3): 736- 744. • Salah B, Dinh Xuan AT, Fouilladieu JL, Lockhart A, Regnard J, 1988. Nasal mucociliary transport in healthy subjects is slower when breathing dry air. European Respiratory Journal 1(9): 852-855. • Sipolla MR, Nazaroff WW, 2003. Modelling particle loss in ventilation ducts. Atmospheric Environment. 37(39-40): 5597-5609. • Tang JW, 2009. The effect of environmental parameters on the survival of airborne infectious agents. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 6(suppl 6): S737–S746. • WHO, 2020a. Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID19). World Health Organization, Geneve. • WHO, 2020b. Water, sanitation, hygiene and waste management for COVID-19. World Health Organization, Geneve. • Yang Y, Weilong Shang W, Rao X, 2020. Facing the COVID- 19 outbreak: What should we know and what could we do? Journal of Medical Virology (accepted paper). • Zhang W, Du R-H, Li B, Zheng X-S, Yang X-., Hu B, Wang Y-Y, Xiao G-F, Yan B, Shi Z-L, Zhou P, 2020. Molecular and serological investigation of 2019- nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes. Emerging Microbes & Infections 9(1): 386-389. n KÜNYE Bu belge 6-15 Mart 2020 döneminde bir grup REHVA gönüllüsü tarafından hazırlanmıştır. Uzman grubun üyeleri: Jarek Kurnitskiq / Tallinn Teknoloji Üniversitesi, REHVA Teknoloji ve Araştırma Komitesi Başkanı Atze Boerstra q / REHVA Başkan Yardımcısı, Genel Müdür, bba binnenmilieu Francesco Franchimon, / Genel Müdür, Franchimon ICM Prof. Livio Mazzarella / Milano Politeknik Üniversitesi Jaap Hogeling / ISSO Uluslararası Projesi Yürütücüsü Frank Hovorka REHVA Başkanı, Teknoloji ve Yenilik FPI Direktörü, Paris Prof. Em. Olli Seppänen / Aalto Üniversitesi Yazının taslak dokümanı Hong Kong Üniversitesi'nden Prof. Yuguo Li ve Colorado Boulder Üniversitesi'nden Prof. Shelly Miller tarafından gözden geçirilmiştir. TTMD’nin üyesi olduğu REHVA tarafından hazırlanan COVID-19 Kılavuz Belgesi, TTMD Üyesi Doç. Dr. M. Zeki YILMAZOĞLU tarafından 18 Mart 2020 tarihinde tercüme edilmiştir.